IN01 – U.S.-SOUTH KOREA RELATIONS (CRS Report for Congress, November 28, 2011, 35 pages) 한 - 미 관계에 관한 미의회조사국 최신 보고서 - Contact American Center for print copy
Much of the current closeness between Seoul and Washington is due to President Lee. It is unclear how sustainable many of his policies will be, particularly into 2012, when South Koreans will elect a new president and a new legislature. Bilateral coordination will be particularly tested if South Korea's left-of-center groups, which bitterly oppose much of Lee's agenda, retake the presidency and/or the National Assembly. This report will be updated periodically.

IN02 – Cha, Victor D.; Anderson, Nicholas D. A NORTH KOREAN SPRING? (Washington Quarterly, December 2012, 18 pages) 북한에서의 혁명 ? - Click here for available text on the Internet
Is revolution similar to the Arab Spring possible in North Korea? The answer from most scholars and intelligence analysts has been “no”—that the Pyongyang regime's stability in the aftermath of the events in the Middle East and North Africa is an “old question” that was answered in the 1990s when the DPRK (Democratic People's Republic of Korea, North Korea) faced the most critical test of its life, and survived. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the drastic cuts in patron aid from China, and the onset of famine that killed hundreds of thousands all constituted the ultimate test of DPRK stability, and the regime staggered on through it all. Thus, the assumption is that the Arab Spring has little relevance to the DPRK. The scholarly literature tends to support this assessment. Scholars like Georgetown University's Daniel Byman have argued that Kim Jong-il has effectively “coup-proofed” himself through an elaborate system of patronage, bribery, and draconian rule.

IN03 – Green, Michael J. PYONGYANG'S OPTIONS AFTER KIM JONG IL (Foreign Affairs, December 19, 2011, 3 pages) 김정일 이후 평양의 선택 - Click here for available text on the Internet
The regime is desperate for stability; why that may be impossible.

IN04 – Klingner, Bruce. THE DEATH OF KIM JONG-IL (Heritage Foundation, December 19, 2011, 3 pages) 김정일의 사망 - Click here for available text on the Internet
North Korea's official media announced that Kim Jong-il, the country's long-time leader, died on Saturday of "physical and mental overwork." Although Kim had several health problems, particularly after a stroke in August 2008, he had appeared vibrant in recent meetings. As such, the surprise development raises concerns about its impact on Pyongyang's ongoing leadership transition, regime stability, and North Korean security and foreign policies.

IN05 – Eberstadt, Nicholas. THE DEATH OF KIM JONG IL AND NORTH KOREA'S BROKEN DYNASTY (Foreign Affairs, December 20, 2011, 3 pages) 김정일의 사망과 북한의 무너진 왕조 - Click here for available text on the Internet
North Korea's system of dynastic succession is more than an anachronistic anomaly: Kim Jung Un, unlike his father 17 years ago, is taking the reins with barely any experience at all.

IN06 – THE IAEA'S NOVEMBER REPORT ON IRAN: MORE CONFIRMATION THAN REVELATION (Arms Control Association, December 5, 2011, 3 pages) 국제원자력기구 (IAEA) 의 11 월 이란핵 보고서 : 폭로보다는 확인 - Click here for available text on the Internet
The release of the International Atomic Energy Agency's latest report on Iran's nuclear program in early November attracted intense media interest and stimulated strong political reactions in the United States and around the world. The IAEA report and its 14-page annex represented a milestone for the Vienna-based agency in terms of its willingness to present detailed information to the public on activities of concern in Iran's nuclear program.

IN07 – Fukuyama, Francis. AMERICAN POLITICAL DYSFUNCTION (American Interest, November/December 2011, 3 pages) 미국의 정치적 기능장애 - Click here for available text on the Internet
America's system of checks and balances usually works well, but not when it comes to fixing the Federal budget.

EC01 – OECD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK (OECD, November 2011, 293 pages) OECD 경제 전망 보고서 - Click here for available text on the Internet
The global economy has deteriorated significantly since our previous Economic Outlook. Advanced economies are slowing down and the euro area appears to be in a mild recession. Concerns about sovereign debt sustainability in the European monetary union are becoming increasingly widespread. Recent contagion to countries thought to have relatively solid public finances could massively escalate economic disruption if not addressed. Unemployment remains very high in many OECD economies and, ominously, long-term unemployment is becoming increasingly common. Emerging economies are still growing at a healthy pace, but their growth rates are also moderating. In these countries falls in commodity prices and the slower global growth have started to mitigate inflationary pressures. More recently, international trade growth has weakened significantly. Contrary to what was expected earlier this year, the global economy is not out of the woods.

EC02 – Jickling, Mark; Hoskins, Sean M. FINANCE AND THE ECONOMY: OCCUPY WALL STREET IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE (CRS Report for Congress, November 14, 2011, 14 pages) 금융과 경제: 역사적 관점에서의 ‘월가 점령‘ 시위 - Contact American Center for print copy
This report presents examples of political statements about the fundamental costs and benefits of finance and recent economic research that points to aspects of financial activity that may not be advantageous to the real economy. The report does not attempt a comprehensive survey of either literature, but provides a reminder of the breadth of the historical debates that have shaped congressional oversight of financial institutions and markets.

EC03 – Babb, MacKenzie C. U.S. OFFICIALS, PRIVATE PARTNERS COMBAT AFRICAN CONFLICT MINERALS (IIP Digital, November 16, 2011, various pages) ‘아프리카 분쟁광물‘ 규제를 위한 미국 정부와 민간 파트너간 협력 - Click here for available text on the Internet
U.S. government officials have joined with private sector and civil society partners to launch the Public-Private Alliance for Responsible Minerals Trade, an initiative to combat illicit minerals trading and put an end to the associated violence and human rights abuses.

EC04 – Zenger, John H.; Folkman, Joseph R.; Edinger, Scott K. MAKING YOURSELF INDISPENSABLE (Harvard Business Review, October 2011, 8 pages) 필수요원 되기 – Contact American Center for print copy
Peter Drucker and other leadership thinkers have long argued that leaders should focus on strengthening their strengths. How should they do that? Improving on a weakness is pretty easy and straight forward: You can make measurable progress by honing and practicing basic techniques. But developing a strength is a different matter, because simply doing more of what you're good at will yield only incremental improvements. If you are strong technically, becoming even more of a technical expert won't make you a dramatically better leader. If, however, you use what the authors call "nonlinear development"- similar to an athlete's cross-training-you can achieve exponential results. Your technical expertise will become more powerful if, for instance, you build on your communication skills, enabling you to explain technical problems both more broadly and more effectively. The authors, all from the leadership development consultancy Zenger Folkman, present a step-by-step process by which developing leaders can identify their strengths (through either a formal or an informal 360-degree evaluation),select appropriate complementary skills (the article identifies up to a dozen for each core strength), and develop those skills to dramatically improve their strengths-making themselves uniquely valuable to their companies.

EN01 – GLOBAL TRENDS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT 2011 (UNEP, 2011, 61 pages) 2011년 글로벌 신재생에너지 투자 동향 - Click here for available text on the Internet
Global investment in renewable energy jumped 32% in 2010, to a record $211 billion. It was boosted in particular by wind farm development in China and  small-scale solar PV installation on rooftops in Europe. On the major types of investment, there were sharp increases in asset finance of utility-scale projects such as wind farms, in venture capital provision for young firms, and in equity-raising on the public markets by quoted renewable energy companies. Asset finance rose 19% to $128 billion in 2010, venture capital investment increased 59% to $2.4 billion, and public market investment gained 23% to $15.4 billion.

EN02 – Butler, Catherine; Parkhill, Karen A.; Pidgeon, Nicholas F. NUCLEAR POWER AFTER JAPAN: THE SOCIAL DIMENSIONS (Environment, November/December 2011, 13 pages) 일본 후쿠시마 원전 사고 이후의 원자력 발전: 사회적 차원 - Contact American Center for print copy
The article discusses the social aspects and public debate concerning nuclear power following the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in Japan on March 11, 2011. Government policy on the use of nuclear power to increase energy security and decarbonize electricity in countries including Great Britain, Germany, and Japan, economic aspects of nuclear power, and public opinion following nuclear incidents. Other topics include ethical issues related to the safety of nuclear power, the portrayal of nuclear power in the media, and the cultural framing of nuclear power.

EN03 – Gore, Al. CLIMATE OF DENIAL (Rolling Stone, No. 1134/1135, July 7-21, 2011, various pages) 기후변화에 대한 부정적 여론 - Click here for available text on the Internet
The former vice president and the 2000 Democratic presidential nominee compares the news media’s role in informing about the climate change debate to that of a distracted referee in a phony entertainment wrestling match, who never seems to notice when the bully commits an outrageous violation of the “rules”, but always penalizes the good guy for the slightest infraction.  The camp Gore describes as the "Polluters and Ideologues" have conducted a well-financed and orchestrated campaign for two decades to sow doubt about the overwhelming scientific reality of climate change, and are prepared to vilify those who stand up to them; as the “distracted referee”, the news media is saturated with entertainment programming and seems intent on providing a “balanced” discussion.  Gore writes that our public discourse “has become so deeply dysfunctional that our ability to make intelligent collective decisions has been seriously impaired” -- television, our new public commons, has become “refeudalized,” with its owners charging high rents for public access, which only big business, with its own agenda and the money to fund political campaigns, can afford.  Gore believes that our political system is not yet so irretrievably corrupted that ordinary citizens cannot make their voices heard, and suggests several ways to make a difference.  He concludes that the climate crisis “is a struggle for the soul of America; it is about whether or not we are still capable ... of perceiving important realities clearly enough to promote the well-being of the many.”

EN04 –THE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE REGIME (Council on Foreign Relations, November 21, 2011, various pages) 글로벌 기후변화 협약 - Click here for available text on the Internet
Climate change is one of the most significant threats facing the world today. According to the American Meteorological Society, there is a 90 percent probability that global temperatures will rise by 3.5 to 7.4 degrees Celsius (6.3 to 13.3 degrees Fahrenheit) in less than one hundred years, with even greater increases over land and the poles. These seemingly minor shifts in temperature could trigger widespread disasters in the form of rising sea levels, violent and volatile weather patterns, desertification, famine, water shortages, and other secondary effects including conflict. In November 2011, the International Energy Agency warned that the world may be fast approaching a tipping point concerning climate change, and suggested that the next five years will be crucial for greenhouse gas reduction efforts.

EN05 – U.S. HAS LARGE GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES, BUT GROWTH IS SLOWER THAN WIND OR SOLAR (Energy Information Administration, November 2011, various pages) 미국의 풍부한 지열자원, 풍력•태양열발전에 비해 낮은 성장 보여 - Click here for available text on the Internet
Geothermal is one of the main renewable energy sources used to generate U.S. electricity, even though its growth has not been as strong as wind and solar over the last three years during a big push to increase generation from renewables. Geothermal energy's greatest growth potential is in the western states.

US01 – Pew Research Center for the People & the Press. THE GENERATION GAP AND THE 2012 ELECTION: ANGRY SILENTS, DISENGAGEMENT MILLENNIALS (Pew Research Center, November 3, 2011) 세대간 차이와 2012 년 대선 – Click here for available text on the internet
In the last four national elections, generational differences have mattered more than they have in decades. According to the exit polls, younger people have voted substantially more Democratic than other age groups in each election since 2004, while older voters have cast more ballots for Republican candidates in each election since 2006.

US02 – Ginsberg, Wendy R. THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION'S OPEN GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE: ISSUES FOR CONGRESS (CRS Report, January 28, 2011) 오바마 정부의 열린 정부 사업에 관한 미의회조사국 보고서 – Contact American Center for Print Copy
The 112th Congress may have interest in accessing information and documents from the executive branch. This report examines and analyzes the Obama Administration's initiative to make the executive branch more transparent, participatory, and collaborative. On his first full day in office (January 21, 2009), President Barack Obama issued two memoranda “for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies” that were related to transparency in government. One memorandum focused on the administration of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), and the other focused on transparency and open government. The transparency memorandum committed the administration to “an unprecedented level of openness” and to the establishment of “a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration.” Some scholars argue that these memoranda were a significant break from the policies of the previous administration.

US03 – Maskell, Jack. QUALIFICATIONS FOR PRESIDENT AND THE “ NATURAL BORN” CITIZENSHIP ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENT (CRS Report, November 14, 2011) 미국 대통령 자격 요건과 출생에 의한 시민권자 조항 – Contact American Center for Print Copy
The Constitution sets out three eligibility requirements to be President: one must be 35 years of age, a resident “within the United States” for 14 years, and a “natural born Citizen.” There is no Supreme Court case which has ruled specifically on the presidential eligibility requirements (although several cases have addressed the term “natural born” citizen), and this clause has been the subject of several legal and historical treatises over the years, as well as more recent litigation.

US04 – Kronholz, June. ACADEMIC VALUE OF NON-ACADEMICS (EducationNext, Winter 2012, Vol. 12, No.1) 과외활동의 가치와 중요성 – Click here for available text on the internet
The odds of attending college were 97 percent higher for youngsters who took part in schoolsponsored activities for two years than for those who didn't do any school activities.

US05 – Clemmitt, Marcia. DIGITAL EDUCATION (CQ Researcher, December 2, 2011, Volume 21, Issue 42) 디지털 교육 – Contact American Center for Print Copy
Digital technology is becoming increasingly commonplace in K-12 education, and many researchers argue that it will save money and transform schools into more effective institutions. But other experts contend that the evidence so far is slim on exactly what computers can accomplish in the classroom. The dominance of standardized testing means digital technologies must raise students' test scores to levels administrators and policymakers deem significant. But computer-based learning may not be well suited for that task, and further efforts to computerize education may require schools to shift away from standardized testing, experts say. Until now, most successful computer-learning initiatives have required specialized training for teachers. But experts say developing technology that will be easy for nonspecialists to use remains a challenge. Meanwhile, despite the debate over the effectiveness of computerized education, all-online K-12 schools are proliferating nationwide, and enrollment in online courses is soaring.

AR01 – Brown, Peter. ON THE MAGIC CARPET OF THE MET (The New York Review of Books, December 8, 2011) 메트로폴리탄 미술관의 이슬람 예술 들여다보기 - Click here for available text on the Internet
Global investment in renewable energy jumped 32% in 2010, to a record $211 billion. It was boosted in particular by wind farm development in China and  small-scale solar PV installation on rooftops in Europe. On the major types of investment, there were sharp increases in asset finance of utility-scale projects such as wind farms, in venture capital provision for young firms, and in equity-raising on the public markets by quoted renewable energy companies. Asset finance rose 19% to $128 billion in 2010, venture capital investment increased 59% to $2.4 billion, and public market investment gained 23% to $15.4 billion.

AR02– Lubow, Arthur. AN EYE FOR GENIUS: THE COLLECTIONS OF GERTRUDE AND LEO STEIN (Smithsonian magazine, January 2012) 거투르드 스타인과 레오 스타인 남매의 수집 - Click here for available text on the Internet
The article discusses the social aspects and public debate concerning nuclear power following the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in Japan on March 11, 2011. Government policy on the use of nuclear power to increase energy security and decarbonize electricity in countries including Great Britain, Germany, and Japan, economic aspects of nuclear power, and public opinion following nuclear incidents. Other topics include ethical issues related to the safety of nuclear power, the portrayal of nuclear power in the media, and the cultural framing of nuclear power.

AR03– Nance, Kevin. THE WIDER SKY (Poets & Writers magazine, March-April 2011) 내셔널 북어워드 시부문 수상자, 시인 Nikky Finney - Contact American Center for print copy
The former vice president and the 2000 Democratic presidential nominee compares the news media’s role in informing about the climate change debate to that of a distracted referee in a phony entertainment wrestling match, who never seems to notice when the bully commits an outrageous violation of the “rules”, but always penalizes the good guy for the slightest infraction.  The camp Gore describes as the "Polluters and Ideologues" have conducted a well-financed and orchestrated campaign for two decades to sow doubt about the overwhelming scientific reality of climate change, and are prepared to vilify those who stand up to them; as the “distracted referee”, the news media is saturated with entertainment programming and seems intent on providing a “balanced” discussion.  Gore writes that our public discourse “has become so deeply dysfunctional that our ability to make intelligent collective decisions has been seriously impaired” -- television, our new public commons, has become “refeudalized,” with its owners charging high rents for public access, which only big business, with its own agenda and the money to fund political campaigns, can afford.  Gore believes that our political system is not yet so irretrievably corrupted that ordinary citizens cannot make their voices heard, and suggests several ways to make a difference.  He concludes that the climate crisis “is a struggle for the soul of America; it is about whether or not we are still capable ... of perceiving important realities clearly enough to promote the well-being of the many.”